Adjustable and reversible stud removers and resetters



Oct 1952- G. M. WALRAVEN ETAL 2,613,554

ADJUSTABLE AND REVERSIBLE STUD REMOVERS AND RESETTERS Filed Jan. 5, 1949Patented Oct. 14, 1952 ADJUSTABLE AND REVERSIBLE STUD REMOVERS ANDRESETTERS George M. Walraven and Raymond G. Knudsen,

Kenosha, Wis., assignors to Snap-On Tools Corporation, Kenosha, Wis., acorporation of Delaware Application January 3, 1949, Serial No. 69,008

This invention relates to adjustable and reversible stud removers andresetters, although certain features thereof may be employed with equaladvantage for other purposes.

It contemplates more especially the provision of improved and moreeffective instrumentalities for gripping various sized studs forefiecting the turning thereof in one direction or another so that theirremoval or resetting is effectively accomplished.

Numerous types of stud removers have heretofore been proposed, but thesehave not proven entirely satisfactory in all situations involving studswhich do not have polygonal heads or nuts to afford the use of astandard wrench or socket to impart rotary movement thereto. Manyproblems are involved in grasping various sized studs, especially forturning in either direction and to accomplish the grasping thereofwithout any polygonal head or thread so that standard tools may beutilized.

One object of the present invention is to simplify the construction andimprove the operation of devices of the character mentioned.

Another object is to provide an improved stud engaging mechanism that isadjustable to accommodate different sizes of studs to effectively removeor reset them depending upon the requirements of the particular task.

Still another object is to provide improved gear actuated stud engagingjaws which are manually displaceable to accommodate studs of differentsizes.

A further object is to provide improved jawengaging means that arespring actuated to a predetermined position so that a manualdisplacement can be effected in one direction or another to efiect studremoval or. resetting.

A still further object is to provide improved jaw actuators that arecompactly arranged within a housing to preset stud-engaging jaws foreiiectively grasping variously sized studs to selectively impartrotation thereto in either direction for removal or resetting purposes.

Still a further object is to provide spring positioned stud-engagingjaws with manually displaceable means operatively connected therewith toselectively engage studs of any size within a predetermined range. i

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following descriptionof an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a bottom plan view of a device embodying features of thepresent invention.

Figure 2 is a side view and elevation of the stud remover shown inFigure 1.

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the device shown in'Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a bottom plan view of the stud remover with the housingplate removed to clarify the showing. 7

Figure 5 is a bottom plan view similar to Figure 4 with all of thegripping and movable elements removed to show the spring tensioninginstru mentalities.

Figure 6 is a sectional view through the shanks of the gripping elementsand showing the gear actuated instrumentalities for displacing the jaws,viewed substantially along line VI--VI of Figure 8.

Figure '7 is a bottom plan view of a device similar to Figure 4 with thejaws displaced to a position engageable with a stud for impartingrotation thereto in a clockwise direction (Viewed from Figure '7) andtaken substantially along line VII-VII in Figure 8.

Figure 8 is a sectional view in elevation taken substantially along lineVIIIVIII of Figure 1.

Figure 9 is a top plan view of a stud-gripping jaw shown assembled inFigures 4 and 7.

Figure 10 is a side View in elevation of the jaw shown in Figure 9.

The structure selected for illustration is not intended to serve as alimitation upon the scope or teachings of the invention, but is merelyillustrative thereof. There may be considerable variations andadaptations of all or part of the teachings depending upon the dictatesof commercial practice.

The present embodiment comprises a substantially cylindrical housing l0which merges with an inwardly curved hood or enclosure 1 I thatin turnconnects with an elongated cylindrical shank E2. The housing 10, hoodII, and shank l2 are formed integral to comprise a unitary structurethat terminates in a polygonal extremity such as a hexagon l3 which isadapted to be engaged by a wrench or wrench socket to impart rotation tothe housing structure in either direction after a stud has been grippedfor removal or resetting as will appear more fully hereinafter.

The interior cylindrical chamber i l of the housing l0 communicates withan annular shoulder [5 that, in turn, communicates with an axialelongated bore 16 provided in the elongated housing shank I2 to extendentirely therethrough to accommodate a stud which may be disposedtherein for gripping as will appear more fully hereafter. The annularshoulder l5 receives a collar I! which is rotatively mounted therein toserve as a complement thereof. The collar I! is provided withdiametrically opposed angular notches |8-l9 which are defined byconverging walls that cooperate with an elongated detent that isreciprocally mounted in an aperture or bore 2| extending radiallythrough the hood portion H ofthe housing ID in alignment with theinternal annular shoulder IE to engage the annular notch I8 or [9,depending upon the position of insertion of the collar H.

A spring 22 is disposed in the aperture 01'. bore 2| behind the detent20 to normally urge the latter in engagement with the angular notch l8or [9. As shown, the radial aperture 2| communicates with an enlargedorifice which is intended to receive a closure cap against which thespring 22 abuts. placing ring or band 24 is mounted in an annular grooveprovided on the periphery on the hood portion ll of the housing [0 inline with the spring detent receiving aperture or bore 21 retaining thespring retaining closure cap 23 in assembled position and to actuate thestud-engaging jaws or grippers as will appear more fully hereinafter.The external ring or band 24 is retained in the annular groove 25 bymeans of a split retainer wire ring 23 which rests in a correspondinglysized and shaped groove 21 to rotatively retain the external actuatorring or band 24 in assembled position against removal from the annulargroove 25. To enable the convenient manual rotary displacement of theband 24, the exposed surface thereof is knurled as at 28 (Figure 2) sothat an effective finger grasp thereof will result in its rotation ineither direction to position the studengaging jaws or grippers to behereinafter described.

'It isto be noted that the collar [1 has a reduced. shoulder 29extending in the housing chamber Mto receive a ring gear 30 for rotationthereon. The ring gear 30 has a radially extending arm 3| formed thereonto project through anarcuate slot 32 (Figure 7) in the housing intoengage in a notch 33 provided in the knurled ring 24 so that rotation ofthe latter will cause corresponding rotation in either direction of thegear ring 30 within the limits of the arcuate housing slot 32 so thatgear ring 30 Will rotate with the collar l1. Itis to be noted that thecollar I1 is provided with tangential parallel portions 34-35 inthe'shoulder 29 thereof to receive the correspondingly shaped and complemental axial bore of the ring gear 30 which will rotate the collar l1therewith responsive to manual rotary movement imparted to the band 24.Consequently, 'the ring gear 30 will be spring impelled-by the detent 20to normally assume apredeterminedposition as the spring urged detentexerts a camming action on either of the angular walls of the collarnotches is or [9.

The gear ring .30 has gear teeth 36 provided equidistantly thereon in aplurality of sectors, in this instance three symmetrically disposed at120 angular sectors, to mesh with -a co rresponding number of gearsectors 31. The gear sectors 31, in thisinstance three, that are eachprovided with polygonal apertures 38 to fit over correspondingly shapedshoulders 39 (F*igure 10) on the ends of the shank portions 40 of aplurality of stud engaging jaws or grippers 4!, in this instance threein number. The stud engaging jaws 4| are substantially arrow-shaped andhave oppositely extending and converging jaw surfaces 42-.-43 that meetalong a median line 44 A jaw positioning or dis thereof to engage athreaded stud 45 of the type usually found in engine block heads. Thejaws or grippers 4| engage the studs 45 on one or the other of theconverging engaging surfaces 4243 thereof. The converging engagingsurfaces 4243 are slightly convex to effectively gasp the cylindricalwall of the stud 45 depending on the direction of rotation to beimparted thereto. To render the engagement between the jaw engagingsurfaces 4243 and the smooth cylindrical wall of the stud 45 moreeffective and insure against slippage, the slightly convex jaw engagingsurfaces; 42-43 are provided with transverse teeth or serrations 454S,respectively.

The jaw shanks 40 are provided with apertures or bores 41 therethroughfor pivotal mounting on. screw fasteners 48 threaded at theirextremities 49 to engage correspondingly threaded apertures 50 providedin the hood portion H of the housing It. The screw fasteners 48, in thisinstance three, not only serve as pivotal mounts for thejaws or grippers4|-, but also serve to retain a cover plate 5i in position-for supporton an annular shoulder 52 providedin the housing in in communicationwith the open end 53 thereof. The cover plate 5! has a central or axialopening 54 which is sized toreceive the maximum diameter-of a stud 25that can be effectively grasped with the jaws or grippers-4 1 fromthesmallest size to the largest. determined by the range for which theinstrumentalities: are designed.

With this arrangement, the gear. sectors 31 are actuated by thegear ring3t: pivotally to displace the stud engaging jaws, or grippers 31 ineither direction from their initial closed radial position. This iseffected responsive to the rotation of the ring or band 26 for openingthe jaws H to a position that willaocommodate a particular sized stud 45that is. disposed throughthe central opening 54in the housing .coverplate 5|.

It should be noted that the spring: impelled detent 20 will normallyurge the jaws or grippers 4! to their true radial position as:illustrated in Figurev 4 so thatmanual displacement of the ring or band24 in one direction; or the other will displace the jawsor grippers 4ioutwardly on one side or the other of the stud, 45 and offset from theinitial radial jaw position which are the lines from the center of thestud 45to the centers or axes of the threaded jaw mounts 48,thedirection of pivotal displacement beingdetermined by the direction inwhich thestud ,45 is to be turned.

After the ring. or band 24 hasv been rotated .to spread the jaws orgrippers 41 and the stud 45 has been engaged by releasing the actuatingring or band 24 so the jaws or grippers 4| will be spring urged incontact with the stud45, a wrench or wrench socket is applied to thepolygonalextremity l3 of the housingshank l2ito forcefully remove orreset the stud 45 depending .-upon the requirements of any particulartask. It will be apparent from the foregoing description that a veryeffective grasp and turning movement may be imparted to studs 45 owingtothe improved and simplified operating instrumentality described andillustrated in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Obviously, a change in proportion and size of the-instrumentality willenable even larger studs-to be removed or reset than illustrated, andnothing-herein shall be construed as a limitation thereon.

While we have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of thisinvention, it must be understood that the invention is capable ofconsiderable variation and modification without departing from thespirit of the invention. We, therefore, do not wish to be limited to theprecise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail ourselvesof such variations and modifications as come Within the scope of theappended claims.

We claim:

1. In a stud remover and resetter, the combination with a housing havingan opening therein to receive a stud for gripping engagement, of aplurality of stud engaging grippers movably mounted in said housing fordisplacement along an are substantially intersected by the commonhousing opening and gripper radii, an external ring rtatively mounted onsaid housing, gripper actuating means including intermeshing gear teethelements operatively connected with said external ring for shifting saidgrippers to one or the other side of said gripper radii to receive astud for gripping on one or the other side thereof for removal orresetting purposes, and means for normally urging said grippers toassume an initial inoperative position in alignment with said commonradii.

2. In a device of the character mentioned, the combination with ahousing adapted to freely receive an elongated stud therein, of aplurality of stud grippers pivotally mounted in said housing, saidgrippers having opposite engaging surfaces for selective directionaldisplacement in the path of a stud disposed in said housing, gearsegments detachably associated with said grippers for rotationtherewith, a gear ring journalled in said housing within the radius ofsaid gripper mountings for meshing engagement with said gear segments,an external actuator on said housing operatively connected to said gearring, and spring means for normally urging said gear ring to assume aninitial position in conjunction with said grippers.

3. In a device of the character mentioned, the combination with ahousing adapted to freely receive an elongated stud therein, a pluralityof stud grippers movably mounted in said housing for displacement in thepath of a stud received therein, circular means journalled in saidhousing for free rotation therein, spring means for normally retainingsaid circular means in an initial position against rotary displacementin either direction, complemental means interposed between said circularmeans and grippers for displacing the latter against the normal urge ofsaid spring means, and means on said housing for enabling the rotationthereof to turn a stud held fast by said grippers.

4. In a device of the character mentioned, the combination with ahousing adapted to freely receive an elongated stud therein, a pluralityof stud grippers movably mounted in said housing for displacement in thepath of a stud received therein, circular means journalled in saidhousing for free rotation therein, there being an angular notch in saidcircular means, spring impelled detent means coacting with said angularnotch for normally retaining said circular means in an initial positionagainst rotary displacement in either direction, complemental meansinterposed between said circular means and grippers, and an externalactuator associated with said housing to operate said complemental meansfor displacing the latter against the normal urge of said spring means.

GEORGE M. WALRAVEN. RAYMOND G. KNUDSEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 222,056 Kirkham Nov. 25, 1879651,306 Gabriel June 5, 1900 868,471 Oubridge Oct. 15, 1907 1,140,567Boring May 25, 1915 1,675,064 Stone June 26, 1928 2,027,534 IngersollJan. 14, 1936 2,408,335 Oliver et a1 Sept. 24, 1946 2,516,394 KeiserJuly 25, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 39,434 France Aug. 11,1931 (Addition to No. 636,996)

